War and Peace — Page 2

Vocabulary

彼

kare — He; third-person masculine pronoun.

は

wa — Topic-marking particle indicating the subject.

ちょうど

choudo — Just, exactly, precisely at that moment.

入って

haitte — Entering, coming inside a place.

きた

kita — Came; past tense of kuru (to come).

ところ

tokoro — Place; moment; just about to do something.

で

de — Particle indicating location, means, or context.

刺繍

shishuu — Embroidery; decorative needlework on fabric.

の

no — Possessive or linking particle connecting nouns.

施された

hodokosareta — Was applied, bestowed, or decorated with something.

宮廷服

kyuuteifuku — Court dress; formal attire worn at royal court.

に

ni — Particle indicating direction, location, or target.

ひざ丈

hizatake — Knee-length; measurement reaching to the knee.

ズボン

zubon — Trousers, pants worn on the lower body.

と

to — And; particle connecting nouns or quoting speech.

靴

kutsu — Shoes; footwear worn on the feet.

を

wo — Object-marking particle indicating direct object.

身

mi — Body; one's own person or self.

着け

tsuke — Wearing, putting on clothing or accessories.

胸

mune — Chest, breast; front area of the torso.

には

ni wa — On/at (topic); emphatic locative particle combination.

星章

seishou — Star-shaped medal or badge of honor.

つけ

tsuke — Attaching or affixing something to a surface.

平たい

hiratai — Flat, level; having a flat facial structure.

顔

kao — Face; the front of one's head.

穏やか

odayaka — Calm, gentle, peaceful in manner or expression.

な

na — Adjectival particle linking na-adjectives to nouns.

表情

hyoujou — Facial expression; look on one's face.

浮かべ

ukabe — Showing, displaying an expression on one's face.

て

te — Conjunctive particle connecting sequential actions.

いた

ita — Was doing; past progressive auxiliary verb.

私たち

watashitachi — We, us; first-person plural pronoun.

祖父

sofu — Grandfather; one's father's or mother's father.

たち

tachi — Plural suffix attached to people pronouns.

が

ga — Subject-marking particle indicating grammatical subject.

話す

hanasu — To speak, talk, converse with someone.

だけ

dake — Only, just, merely; limiting particle.

なく

naku — Without, not; negative conjunctive form.

考える

kangaeru — To think, consider, ponder an idea.

際

sai — Occasion, time when something takes place.

も

mo — Also, too; inclusive particle meaning as well.

用い

mochi(i) — Using, employing a tool, language, or method.

た

ta — Past tense auxiliary verb indicating completed action.

あの

ano — That (over there); referring to something distant.

洗練

senren — Refinement, polish, sophistication of style or manner.

された

sareta — Was done; passive past form of suru.

フランス語

Furansugo — French language; the language spoken in France.

話し

hanashi — Speaking, talking; conversation or story.

社交界

shakoukai — High society; elite social circles and gatherings.

宮廷

kyuutei — Royal court; the palace and its official circles.

老い

oi — Old age; the state of being aged.

重要

juuyou — Important, significant, of great consequence.

人物

jinbutsu — Person, figure, individual of note or character.

自然

shizen — Natural; occurring without effort or artifice.

備わる

sonawaru — To be naturally endowed with a quality.

恩着せがましい

ongisegamashii — Patronizing; acting as if doing someone a favor.

口調

kuchou — Tone of voice; manner or style of speaking.

近づき

chikazuki — Approaching, drawing near to someone or something.

その

sono — That; demonstrative adjective referring to nearby thing.

手

te — Hand; the body part at the end of the arm.

キス

kisu — Kiss; touching with the lips as greeting.

して

shite — Doing; conjunctive form of suru connecting actions.

禿げ

hage — Bald; lacking hair on the head.

香り

kaori — Fragrance, scent, pleasant aroma.

高く

takaku — Highly; adverbial form of takai (high/tall).

輝く

kagayaku — To shine, gleam, glitter brilliantly.

頭

atama — Head; the uppermost part of the body.

彼女

kanojo — She, her; third-person feminine pronoun.

向け

muke — Turning toward, directing at someone or something.

満足げ

manzokuge — With a satisfied or contented appearance.

ソファー

sofaa — Sofa; an upholstered seat for sitting comfortably.

腰

koshi — Waist, hips; lower back area of the body.

下ろし

oroshi — Lowering; sitting down by lowering oneself.

まず

mazu — First of all, to begin with, before anything.

第一

daiichi — First, foremost, number one in priority.

親愛

shin'ai — Dear, beloved; term expressing affection or fondness.

なる

naru — To become; used here as adjective ending.

友

tomo — Friend, companion; a close acquaintance.

よ

yo — Sentence-final particle for assertion or address.

具合

guai — Condition, state of health or affairs.

いかが

ikaga — How; polite inquiry about condition or preference.

です

desu — Polite copula meaning 'is' or 'are.'

か

ka — Question-marking sentence-final particle.

友人

yuujin — Friend; a person one has friendly relations with.

心配

shinpai — Worry, anxiety, concern about something.

取り除い

torinozoi — Removing, eliminating worries or obstacles.

ください

kudasai — Please do; polite request form.

変え

kae — Changing, altering something's form or state.

ず

zu — Without doing; negative conjunctive suffix.

言っ

it(te) — Saying, speaking; conjunctive form of iu.

礼儀正し

reigitadashi — Polite, courteous, well-mannered in behavior.

さ

sa — Suffix nominalizing adjectives into abstract nouns.

見せかけ

misekake — Pretense, feigning; outward show concealing true feeling.

同情

doujou — Sympathy, compassion toward another's suffering.

裏

ura — Back side; hidden or underlying aspect.

無関心

mukanshin — Indifference; lack of interest or concern.

さら

sara — Furthermore, moreover; adding emphasis to statement.

皮肉

hiniku — Irony, sarcasm; saying opposite of what is meant.

さえ

sae — Even; emphatic particle meaning 'even this much.'

見て

mite — Seeing, looking; conjunctive form of miru.

取れ

tore — Can be taken, perceived, or understood.

精神的

seishinteki — Mental, psychological, spiritual in nature.

苦しん

kurushim(de) — Suffering, being in pain or distress.

い

i — Being; continuous auxiliary (iru abbreviated form).

ながら

nagara — While doing; simultaneous action conjunctive.

元気

genki — Healthy, energetic, in good spirits.

られ

rare — Potential or passive auxiliary verb suffix.

ましょう

mashou — Let's do; volitional polite ending suggesting action.

少し

sukoshi — A little, a small amount, slightly.

でも

demo — Even; at least; used for minimal condition.

感受性

kanjusei — Sensitivity; receptiveness to emotions and feelings.

ある

aru — To exist, have, be present (inanimate).

なら

nara — If, given that; conditional conjunctive particle.

この

kono — This; demonstrative adjective for nearby things.

よう

you — Like, such as; appearance or manner.

時代

jidai — Era, age, period of time in history.

今夜

konya — Tonight, this evening.

ずっと

zutto — All along, continuously, the whole time.

いらっしゃい

irasshaimasu — Polite form of iru/iku; you are/will be.

ます

masu — Polite verb ending indicating formal speech.

ね

ne — Sentence-final seeking agreement or confirmation.

英国

Eikoku — England, Britain; formal term for the UK.

大使館

taishikan — Embassy; diplomatic mission building of a country.

祝宴

shukuen — Celebratory banquet, festive dinner party.

どう

dou — How; asking about manner, method, or plan.

します

shimasu — Will do; polite present/future of suru.

今日

kyou — Today; the current day.

水曜日

suiyoubi — Wednesday; the fourth day of the week.

出さ

dasa — Sending out, presenting; stem form of dasu.

なけれ

nakere — Must, have to; negative conditional base form.

ば

ba — Conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when.'

なり

nari — Becoming; used in nakerebanaranai (must do).

ませ

mase — Polite imperative auxiliary verb suffix.

ん

n — Explanatory or emphatic sentence-final particle.

公爵

koushaku — Duke; a high-ranking European noble title.

娘

musume — Daughter; a female child of one's own.

私

watashi — I, me; first-person singular pronoun.

迎え

mukae — Meeting, picking up someone at a place.

来て

kite — Coming; conjunctive form of kuru.

そこ

soko — There; that place nearby or just mentioned.

へ

e — Directional particle meaning toward or to.

連れ

tsure — Bringing along, accompanying someone somewhere.

行っ

it(te) — Going; conjunctive form of iku.

くれる

kureru — To give, do for me; favor-receiving verb.

予定

yotei — Plan, schedule, arrangement for a future event.

中止

chuushi — Cancellation, suspension of a planned activity.

なっ

nat(te) — Becoming; conjunctive form of naru.

思っ

omot(te) — Thinking, believing; conjunctive form of omou.

まし

mashi — Polite past auxiliary form before ta/tara.

正直

shoujiki — Honestly, truthfully; frank and straightforward.

こうした

koushita — Such, this kind of; referring to things like this.

祭り

matsuri — Festival, celebration; traditional communal event.

や

ya — And (among others); listing particle for examples.

花火

hanabi — Fireworks; explosive displays of colorful light.

うんざり

unzari — Fed up, sick and tired, thoroughly disgusted.

し

shi — And; conjunctive particle listing reasons or states.

き

ki — Came to; resultant state auxiliary (kite shimatta).

あなた

anata — You; second-person singular pronoun.

そう

sou — So, that way; indicating agreement or assumption.

望ん

nozom(de) — Wishing, desiring, hoping for something.

いる

iru — To be, exist; used for animate beings.

知っ

shit(te) — Knowing; conjunctive form of shiru.

たら

tara — If, when; conditional past tense conjunction.

催し

moyooshi — Event, gathering, function, organized occasion.

延期

enki — Postponement, deferral of a planned event.

れ

re — Passive or potential verb suffix.

でしょう

deshou — Probably, likely; expressing conjecture politely.

まるで

marude — Just like, as if; used before comparisons.

ゼンマイ

zenmai — Mainspring; the coiled spring in a clockwork mechanism.

仕掛け

shikake — Mechanism, device, contrivance, trick or setup.

時計

tokei — Clock, watch; a timekeeping instrument.

習慣

shuukan — Habit, custom, routine practice over time.

力

chikara — Power, strength, force, ability.

よって

yotte — By means of, due to, because of.

自分

jibun — Oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to the self.

信じ

shinji — Believing, trusting; stem form of shinjiru.

ほしい

hoshii — Want someone to do; desire for another's action.

思わ

omowa — Think; negative or conditional stem of omou.

ない

nai — Not, negative auxiliary or adjective.

こと

koto — Thing, fact, matter; nominalizer for clauses.

口

kuchi — Mouth; the opening used for speaking and eating.

から

kara — From, because; particle of origin or reason.