War and Peace — Page 7

Vocabulary

သင်

thin — You (second person pronoun, general use)

သိ

thi — To know or be aware of something

ပါ

pa — Polite particle; also 'to include/come along'

လား

la: — Question particle indicating yes/no inquiry

ကျွန်မ

kyun-ma — I, me (first person, used by females)

သည်

thì — Formal present tense marker or topic marker

၏

i — Formal possessive or linking particle in writing

သား

tha: — Son; also softening particle in speech

ငယ်

ngè — Young, small, or junior in age

အပေါ်

a-baw — On top of; regarding, toward (someone)

မ

ma — Negative prefix; also female honorific prefix

ကျေနပ်

kyè-naʔ — To be satisfied, content, or pleased

မှု

hmu — Nominalizer suffix indicating an act or matter

ရှိ

shì — To exist, have, or be present

နေ

nè — To live, stay; continuous aspect marker

တို့

tó — Plural marker for pronouns and nouns

ကြား

kya: — Between; to hear something

တွင်

twìn — In, at, within (locative particle)

သာ

tha — Only, just; emphatic or limiting particle

သူမ

thu-ma — She, her (third person female pronoun)

မျက်နှာ

myeʔ-hna — Face; also expression or countenance

စိတ်

seìʔ — Mind, heart, feeling, or emotion

ကောင်း

kaùn: — Good, nice, fine, or well

သော

thaw — Relative clause marker (formal/literary)

အမူ

a-mu — Behavior, manner, or gesture

အရာ

a-ya — Thing, matter, or object

ကို

ko — Object marker particle (accusative)

ဆောင်

hsaùn — To carry, bear, or perform

လာ

la — To come; directional verb particle

သူ့

thu̲ — His, him (third person male possessive/object)

အကြောင်း

a-kyaùn: — Reason, cause, or subject matter about something

မဟာ

ma-ha — Great, grand (prefix of Sanskrit/Pali origin)

ထံ

htàn — To, toward (a person); at someone's place

ထောက်

htaùʔ — To support, prop up, or point at

ပြ

pya — To show, demonstrate, or display

ခဲ့

khɛ̀ — Past tense marker indicating completed action

ပြီး

pyi: — After completing; already done, finished

သင့်

thin̲ — Your (possessive of 'you'); also 'should/ought to'

သနား

tha-na: — To feel pity or compassion for someone

ကြ

kya — Plural action marker; to do together

မင်းသား

min:-tha: — Prince; also male actor or leading man

တစ်စုံ

tiʔ-soun — A pair; one set of something

တစ်ရာ

tiʔ-ya — One hundred (the number 100)

မျှ

hmya — Only, just, merely (limiting particle)

ဖြေ

phyè — To answer, reply, or respond to something

ဘဲ

bɛ: — Without doing; negative adverbial connector

သော်

thaw — Although, even though (concessive conjunction)

လည်း

lɛ: — Also, too, as well (additive particle)

အဖြေ

a-phyè — An answer, solution, or response

စောင့်

saùn̲ — To wait for or guard someone/something

မျှော်

hmyaw — To hope, look forward to, or long for

လျက်

lyeʔ — While doing (simultaneous action particle, literary)

အဓိပ္ပာယ်

a-deiʔ-pɛ̀ — Meaning, significance, or definition of something

ကြည့်

kyi̲ — To look at, watch, or observe

သူ

thu — He, she, him, her (third person pronoun)

ကြုံ့

kyoun̲ — To hunch, stoop, or crouch down slightly

လိုက်

laiʔ — To follow; directional or completive verb particle

ကျွန်တော့်

kyun-daw̲ — My, mine (first person male possessive form)

မည်

mì — Future tense marker (formal/literary)

သို့

thó — To, toward (directional particle, formal)

ပြုလုပ်

pyu-louʔ — To do, make, or perform an action

စေ

sè — Causative particle; to cause or let someone do

လို

lo — To want, need, or require something

နည်း

nɛ: — Method, way; also 'few/little' in quantity

ဟု

hu — Quotative particle meaning 'saying that' (formal)

နောက်ဆုံး

nauʔ-hsoun: — Last, final, ultimately or in the end

ပြော

pyaw — To speak, say, or tell someone

ကျွန်တော်

kyun-daw — I, me (first person, used by males)

သူတို့

thu-tó — They, them (third person plural pronoun)

ပညာ

pyin-nya — Knowledge, wisdom, or education

ရေး

yè: — To write; also affairs/matters (compound suffix)

အတွက်

a-tweʔ — For the sake of; because of, for

အဖ

a-hpa — Father (informal or literary term)

တစ်ယောက်

tiʔ-yauʔ — One person (counter for people)

ပြု

pyu — To do, perform, or act (formal/literary)

နိုင်

nain — To be able to; can, capable of doing

အားလုံး

a:-loun: — All, everyone, everything without exception

နှစ်ဦး

hnìʔ-u: — Two people (counter for a pair of persons)

စလုံး

sa-loun: — Both, all of them (referring to multiple items)

မိုက်

maiʔ — Stupid, foolish, or dumb (informal)

မဲ

mɛ: — Vote; also pale/dull in color

များ

mya: — Many, much; plural marker for nouns

ဖြစ်

phyiʔ — To be, become, or happen

ထွက်

thweʔ — To go out, exit, or come out

အနည်း

a-nɛ: — Few, small amount, minority

ဆုံး

hsoun: — To end, finish; most/extreme (superlative suffix)

တိတ်

teiʔ — Silent, quiet, or still

ဆိတ်

hseiʔ — Quiet, secluded; also a goat

အနာ

a-na — A wound, sore, or injury on body

တိုး

tó: — To increase, grow, or advance forward

တက်

teʔ — To rise, ascend, or attend (school/event)

ကြွ

kyw̃a — To rise, go (honorific); also to swell

ထို

htó — That (demonstrative pronoun, formal/literary)

တစ်ခု

tiʔ-khu — One thing (general counter for objects)

တည်း

tɛ: — Only, alone; also a particle of emphasis

ကွာ

kwa — To be different, apart; emphatic sentence particle

ခြား

cha: — Different, other, separate from something else

ပုံမှန်

poun-hmàn — Normal, usual, regular, ordinary

ထက်

hteʔ — More than, above, exceeding (comparative particle)

ပို

po — More, even more (comparative adverb)

မို

mo — Sky, cloud; also emphatic/rhetorical particle

သဘာဝ

tha-ba-wa — Nature; natural state or character

ကျ

kya — To fall, drop; to suit or fit well

စွာ

swa — Adverbial suffix meaning '-ly' or 'in a manner'

ပြုံး

pyoun: — To smile at someone or something

ရင်း

yìn: — While doing; origin, source; familiar particle

ဤ

i — This (formal/literary demonstrative pronoun)

စကား

sa-ka: — Word, speech, language, or conversation

ကြောင့်

kyaùn̲ — Because of, due to, owing to

ပါးစပ်

pa:-zaʔ — Mouth (literally cheek-mouth)

ပတ်

paʔ — To surround, wrap; also a week

ဝန်း

wùn: — Around, surrounding area or vicinity

ကျင်

kyìn — To practice; surroundings (in compounds)

အလျား

a-lya: — Length; lengthwise, along the length of

လင့်

lin̲ — Husband (informal); also a suffix particle

ကြမ်း

kyàn: — Rough, crude, coarse, or harsh

တမ်း

tàn: — Intensifier expressing longing or strong desire

နှစ်

hnìʔ — Year; also the number two

မြို့

myó — Town, city, or urban settlement

ဖွယ်

phwɛ̀ — Worthy of, deserving (nominalizing suffix)

ရာ

ya — Hundred; also nominalizing suffix or place

ထင်

htin — To think, seem, or appear to be

ရှား

sha: — Rare, scarce, or uncommon

ဖော်

phaw — To reveal, show, or bring out; companion

ကဲ့

kɛ̲ — Like, similar to (comparative particle)

လူ

lu — Person, human being, people

ကလေး

ka-lè: — Child, baby, or young person

အဘယ်

a-bɛ̀ — What, which, why (formal/literary interrogative)

မွေး

mwé: — To be born; to raise or nurture

ဖွား

phwá: — To be born (formal/literary term)

ဟုတ်

houʔ — True, correct, right; yes (confirmation)

လျှင်

hlyìn — If, when (conditional particle, formal)

ရဲ့

yɛ̲ — Possessive/topic marker (informal spoken Burmese)

စရာ

sa-ya — Something to do; worthwhile to (verb suffix)

ပေ

pè — Emphatic particle; also foot (unit of length)

အာနာ

a-na — Pain, ache; feeling of embarrassment/reluctance

ပါဗ်

pa-bá — Polite assertive particle (informal spoken)

နာ

na — To ache, hurt, or feel pain

တွေ

twè — Plural marker (informal spoken Burmese)

ဝေ

wè — To distribute, share, or divide among others

မော့

maw̲ — To tilt head upward, look up

သစ္စာ

thiʔ-sa — Loyalty, faithfulness, or sworn truth

ကျွန်

kyun — Slave, servant; humility prefix for 'I'

ဘဝ

ba-wa — Life, existence, or one's lot in life

ဘေး

bè: — Side, beside; danger or hazard

ဆိုး

hsó: — Bad, evil, wicked, or terrible

ကြောင်း

kyaùn: — That (complementizer); reason; also a cat

ဝန်

wùn — Load, burden; minister (official title)

ခံ

khàn — To endure, bear, receive, or undergo

သယ်

thɛ̀ — To carry or transport something somewhere

ရ

ya — To get, obtain; able to; completive particle

မည့်

mì̲ — Future relative clause marker (formal/literary)

လက်

leʔ — Hand, arm; also now/at present (in compounds)

ဝါး

wa: — To chew; also bamboo (plant)

ကပ်

kaʔ — To stick to, cling; adjacent, near to

တိုင်

tain — To report, complain; pillar; until (extent)

မိမိ

mi-mi — Oneself, one's own (reflexive pronoun)

ကိုယ်

ko̲ — Body; oneself, self (reflexive/informal 'I')

ရှင်း

shìn: — To explain, clarify; clear, neat, tidy

ပုံ

poun — Picture, image, shape; manner/way (suffix)

တတ်

teʔ — To know how to; habitual action marker

နောက်

nauʔ — Back, behind; next, later; to tease

ထပ်

hteʔ — Again, additionally, once more

တော့

daw̲ — Then, so, now (discourse/topic shift particle)

ကြုတ်

kyouʔ — To scrub, scrape, or clean by rubbing

ကံ

kàn — Fate, luck, fortune, or karma

ကြမ္မာ

kyàm-ma — Fate, destiny, or karmic fortune

ရှိုက်

shaiʔ — To sob, cry deeply with heaving breath

ဝင်

wìn — To enter, go in, or join something

ယူ

yu — To take, bring, or fetch something

ဖြင့်

phyìn̲ — With, by means of (instrumental particle)

တွေး

twè: — To think, ponder, or reflect on something

တော

taw — Forest, jungle; also a verb suffix

စဉ်း

sìn: — To think carefully, consider, or reason

စား

sa: — To eat or consume food

ကုန်

koun — To finish, run out; goods, merchandise

စရိတ်

sa-yeiʔ — Expense, cost, or expenditure

ပေး

pè: — To give or provide something to someone

ရန်

yàn — In order to; enemy; hostility or conflict

တစ်ခါ

tiʔ-kha — Once, one time, on one occasion

ဖူး

phu: — Ever (experiential particle); also lotus bud

မေး

mè: — To ask a question or inquire

လေ

lè — Emphatic/explanatory sentence-final particle