White Fang — Page 7

Vocabulary

คุณ

khun — You; polite second-person pronoun in Thai

สังเกต

sang-ket — To observe or notice something carefully

เห็น

hen — To see or perceive visually

เอง

eng — Oneself; by oneself; emphasizes self-action

ว่า

wa — That; to say; introduces reported speech

พวก

phuak — Group, bunch, or gang of people or things

สุนัข

su-nak — Dog; domestic canine animal

ส่ง

song — To send, deliver, or emit something

เสียง

siang — Sound, voice, or noise

อึกทึก

uek-thuek — Loud and noisy; boisterous uproar

ขนาด

kha-nat — Size, dimension, or magnitude of something

ไหน

nai — Where; which; interrogative of place or choice

หอน

hon — To howl, as a dog or wolf does

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; indicates completed action

ก็

ko — Also; then; connective particle in sentences

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ตอบโต้

top-to — To respond, retaliate, or answer back

กำลัง

kam-lang — Currently doing; in the process of; strength

เปลี่ยน

plian — To change, switch, or transform something

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix indicating abstract concept or state

เงียบ

ngiap — Quiet, silent, or calm

ให้

hai — To give; to allow; causative marker

กลาย

klai — To become or turn into something else

เป็น

pen — To be; to become; linking verb

วุ่นวาย

wun-wai — Chaotic, troubled, or in disorder

อลหม่าน

on-la-man — In great confusion or uproar; chaotic mess

ดัง

dang — Loud; to sound; famous

ขึ้น

khuen — To rise, go up; directional particle upward

จาก

jak — From; to leave or depart from a place

ทุก

thuk — Every, all, each without exception

ทิศทาง

thit-thang — Direction, bearing, or course of movement

แสดง

sa-daeng — To show, display, or perform something

กลัว

klua — To fear or be afraid of something

ออก

ok — Out; to exit; directional particle outward

มา

ma — To come; directional particle toward speaker

ด้วย

duay — Also, too; with; by means of

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or activities

ซุก

suk — To tuck, nestle, or hide oneself somewhere

ตัว

tua — Body; classifier for animals and objects

เข้า

khao — To enter; directional particle inward

หา

ha — To seek, look for, or search something

กัน

kan — Together; each other; reciprocal action marker

ใกล้

klai — Near, close to in distance or time

กอง

kong — Pile, heap, or stack of things

ไฟ

fai — Fire; flame; electricity

จน

jon — Until; poor; to the point of

ขน

khon — Fur, hair on body; to transport goods

ของ

khong — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

ถูก

thuk — Cheap; correct; passive marker for verbs

ร้อน

ron — Hot in temperature; warm weather

เผา

phao — To burn or cremate something with fire

ไหม้

mai — To be burnt or scorched by fire

โยน

yon — To throw or toss something through air

ฟืน

fuen — Firewood; logs used as fuel for fire

เพิ่ม

phoem — To add, increase, or supplement something

ก่อน

kon — Before; first; earlier in time

จะ

ja — Will; going to; future tense marker

จุด

jut — To light or ignite; a point or dot

เขา

khao — He, she, him, her; third-person pronoun

ฉัน

chan — I; me; informal first-person pronoun

คิด

khit — To think, consider, or calculate something

แก

kae — You; he/she; informal familiar pronoun

ดู

du — To look at, watch, or seem like something

หดหู่

hot-hu — Depressed, gloomy, or disheartened in spirit

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle away from speaker

หน่อย

noi — A little; a bit; softening request particle

นะ

na — Softening particle seeking agreement or acknowledgment

พูด

phut — To speak or talk to someone

สูบ

sup — To smoke; to pump or draw in fluid

อย่าง

yang — Way, manner, type; like or as something

ใคร่ครวญ

khrai-khruan — To ponder, deliberate, or reflect thoughtfully

อยู่

yu — To be at; to live; continuous aspect marker

สัก

sak — Just; a little; indefinite softening particle

พัก

phak — To rest or take a break; to stay temporarily

ต่อ

to — To continue; per; against; connecting to

ไอ้

ai — Derogatory male prefix; expletive before names

หมอ

mo — Doctor; physician; informal address for men

นั่น

nan — That; that one over there; demonstrative pronoun

โชคดี

chok-di — Lucky; good fortune; used as farewell expression

กว่า

kwa — More than; comparative particle in sentences

กับ

kap — With; and; together with someone or something

มาก

mak — Many, much, very; indicates large quantity

เสีย

sia — Broken; lost; unfortunately; waste particle

นี่

ni — This; this one here; demonstrative pronoun

กระไร

kra-rai — How; why; rhetorical expression of surprise

ไม่ว่า

mai-wa — Regardless of; no matter what or who

เรา

rao — We, us; informal first-person singular pronoun

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at; until; about; even

ชี้บ่ง

chi-bong — To indicate, point out, or identify something

บุคคล

buk-khon — Person, individual, or human being

ที่

thi — At, in; relative pronoun; place; that which

สาม

sam — Three; the number 3

กด

kot — To press, push down, or suppress something

นิ้ว

niu — Finger; toe; inch measurement unit

หัวแม่มือ

hua-mae-mue — Thumb; the first digit of the hand

ลง

long — To go down, descend; directional particle downward

หีบ

hip — Chest, box, or coffin for storing things

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; that; relative pronoun connecting clauses

นั่ง

nang — To sit or be seated somewhere

ตอน

ton — Period, moment, time; episode of a story

ตาย

tai — To die; dead; intensifying expletive particle

ถ้า

tha — If; conditional conjunction in a sentence

มี

mi — To have; there is; to exist

ก้อน

kon — Lump, chunk, or piece of solid material

หิน

hin — Stone, rock; hard as stone

พอ

pho — Enough; just as; as soon as; sufficient

ทับ

thap — To overlay, press down upon, or cover over

ซาก

sak — Remains, ruins, or carcass of something dead

ศพ

sop — Corpse, dead body of a person

ไว้

wai — To keep, store; placed aside for later use

ได้

dai — Can, able to; did; obtained; past marker

แต่

tae — But; only; however; contrastive conjunction

ไม่

mai — Not; negation particle before verbs or adjectives

คน

khon — Person, human being; classifier for people

รู้จัก

ru-jak — To know or be acquainted with someone

เงิน

ngoen — Money; silver; financial currency

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, or matter in general

อื่นๆ

uen-uen — Others; other things or people besides these

โต้ตอบ

to-top — To respond, reply, or exchange words back

งาน

ngan — Work, job, task; event or function

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; need to do something

ไกลๆ

klai-klai — Far away; at a considerable distance

นั้น

nan — That; those; referring to something mentioned before

คง

khong — Probably, likely; to remain unchanged; still

ปัญญา

pan-ya — Wisdom, intelligence, or intellectual ability

จ่าย

jai — To pay or spend money for something

หรอก

rok — Softening particle denying or dismissing a claim

เข้าใจ

khao-jai — To understand or comprehend something clearly

เลย

loei — At all; so; then; therefore; emphatic particle

คือ

khue — Is, means; that is to say; defining particle

ทำไม

tham-mai — Why; for what reason; interrogative word

ผู้ดี

phu-di — Refined person; gentleman; high-class individual

นี้

ni — This; these; indicating something nearby

หรือ

rue — Or; whether; question particle at sentence end

อะไร

a-rai — What; anything; interrogative pronoun for things

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or time

บ้าน

ban — House, home, or village

เมือง

mueang — City, town, country, or land

เคย

khoei — Used to; ever; have previously done something

กังวล

kang-won — To worry, feel anxious, or be concerned about

เรื่อง

rueang — Story, matter, issue, or topic discussed

อาหาร

a-han — Food; meal; nourishment consumed for sustenance

ผ้า

pha — Cloth, fabric, or textile material

ห่ม

hom — Blanket; to wrap oneself in cloth for warmth

เที่ยว

thiao — To travel, go out; a trip or outing

ยุ่มย่าม

yum-yam — To meddle, intrude, or interfere in others' affairs

ตาม

tam — To follow; according to; along with

ขอบ

khop — Edge, border, rim; to be grateful for

โลก

lok — World, earth, or global sphere

พระเจ้า

phra-jao — God; lord; divine being or deity

ทอดทิ้ง

thot-thing — To abandon, forsake, or neglect someone completely

แหละ

lae — Emphatic final particle stressing what was said

มอง

mong — To look at or gaze upon something

จริงๆ

jing-jing — Really, truly, genuinely; used for emphasis

อาจ

at — May, might; possibly; expressing probability

แก่

kae — Old, elderly; to; for; dative particle

เฒ่า

thao — Old, aged; elderly person; senile

ปาก

pak — Mouth; opening; entrance of something

ใจ

jai — Heart, mind, spirit; center of emotions