White Fang — Page 15

Vocabulary

เชื้อเพลิง

chúea phloeng — fuel or combustible material used for burning

หมด

mot — to be all gone, depleted, or finished

ลง

long — to go down, decrease, or descend

แล้ว

láew — already; indicates completed action or 'then'

และ

lae — and; connects words, phrases, or clauses

จำเป็น

jam pen — necessary, essential, or required

ต้อง

tông — must, have to, or need to do something

หา

hǎa — to search for or look for something

มา

maa — to come; also directional particle toward speaker

เพิ่ม

phôem — to add, increase, or supplement something

ชาย

chaai — man, male person, or masculine

คน

khon — person, human being, or people

นั้น

nán — that; demonstrative pronoun referring to something

พยายาม

phayaayaam — to try, attempt, or make an effort

ก้าว

kâao — to step forward; a step or stride

ออก

òok — to exit, go out, or come out

ไป

pai — to go; directional particle away from speaker

นอก

nôok — outside, exterior, or beyond a boundary

วงกลม

wong klom — circle; a round closed geometric shape

ไฟ

fai — fire, flame, or light/electricity

ของ

khǒong — of; possessive particle indicating belonging

ตน

ton — oneself; reflexive pronoun referring to self

แต่

tàe — but, however; introduces contrast or exception

ฝูง

fùung — a pack, herd, or flock of animals

หมาป่า

mǎa pàa — wolf; a wild canine predator

ก็

kô — also, too; particle softening or connecting clauses

พุ่ง

phûng — to dart, lunge, or thrust forward rapidly

เข้า

khâo — to enter, go in, or move inward

เขา

khǎo — he, she, they; third-person pronoun

คบเพลิง

khop phloeng — a torch; a stick with burning flame

ที่

thîi — at, which, that; place or relative pronoun

ลุกไหม้

lúk mâi — to be on fire, burning, or ablaze

ทำให้

tham hâi — to cause, make, or cause something to happen

พวก

phûak — group, gang, or bunch of people or things

มัน

man — it; third-person pronoun for animals or objects

กระโดด

kradòot — to jump, leap, or spring upward

หลบ

lòp — to dodge, evade, or avoid something

ไม่

mâi — no, not; general negation particle

ถอย

thǒi — to retreat, step back, or withdraw

หลัง

lǎng — back, behind, or rear; after in time

กลับ

klàp — to return, go back, or reverse direction

อีก

ìik — again, more, or another; indicates repetition

ต่อ

tòo — to continue, connect, or against; per unit

ขับไล่

khàp lâi — to drive away, expel, or chase off

อย่าง

yàang — in a manner of, kind, or type of

ไร้ผล

rái phon — fruitless, ineffective, or yielding no result

ขณะ

khanà — while, during, or at the moment of

ยอมแพ้

yoom pháe — to give up, surrender, or admit defeat

เซ

se — to stagger, sway, or lose one's balance

ใน

nai — in, inside, or within a place or time

ตัว

tua — body, self, or classifier for animals and objects

หนึ่ง

nùeng — one; the number one

ใส่

sài — to put in, wear, or place into something

พลาด

phlâat — to miss, slip up, or make an error

เหยียบ

yìiap — to step on or tread upon something

ถ่านไฟ

thàan fai — hot coal or glowing ember from fire

ด้วย

dûai — also, too, with, or by means of

เท้า

tháo — foot; the lower extremity of the leg

ทั้ง

tháng — all, both, entire; inclusive of everything

สี่

sìi — four; the number four

ร้อง

róong — to cry out, scream, or make a loud sound

ความ

khwaam — nominalizing prefix indicating state or condition

ตกใจกลัว

tok jai klua — to be startled and frightened simultaneously

พร้อม

phróom — ready, prepared, or along with something

กับ

kàp — with, and, together with another person or thing

ขู่ฟัน

khùu fan — to snarl, bare teeth as a threat

รีบ

rîip — to hurry, rush, or act with urgency

วิ่ง

wîng — to run or move quickly on foot

แช่

châe — to soak, immerse, or submerge in liquid

อุ้งเท้า

ûng tháo — paw; the padded foot of an animal

หิมะ

himá — snow; frozen precipitation falling from clouds

เพื่อ

phûea — in order to, for the purpose of something

บรรเทา

banthao — to relieve, alleviate, or reduce pain or discomfort

ร้อน

róon — hot, warm, or burning in temperature

นั่ง

nâng — to sit down or be in a seated position

บน

bon — on, above, or on top of a surface

ผ้าห่ม

phâa hòm — blanket; a covering cloth for warmth

ท่า

thâa — posture, pose, manner, or gesture of body

ขด

khot — to curl up, coil, or fold into a ball

ร่างกาย

râang kaai — body; the physical form of a person

โน้ม

nôom — to lean, bend, or incline toward something

ข้างหน้า

khâang nâa — in front, ahead, or forward direction

จาก

jàak — from, away from, or departing a place

ช่วง

chûang — period, span, section, or range of time or space

สะโพก

saphôok — hip; the joint between torso and thigh

ไหล่

lài — shoulder; the joint connecting arm to torso

ผ่อนคลาย

phòon khlaai — to relax, unwind, or release tension

ห้อย

hôi — to hang, dangle, or droop downward loosely

รวมถึง

ruam thǔeng — including, encompassing, or also covering something

ศีรษะ

sǐirà — head; the uppermost part of the body

วาง

waang — to place, put down, or set something somewhere

อยู่

yùu — to be located at; to stay or live

เข่า

khào — knee; the joint in the middle of the leg

บ่งบอก

bòng bòok — to indicate, signal, or show something clearly

ว่า

wâa — that; introduces reported speech or a clause

การ

kaan — nominalizing prefix turning verbs into abstract nouns

ต่อสู้

tòo sûu — to fight, struggle, or battle against something

ครั้ง

khráng — time, instance, or occurrence of an event

เล่า

lâo — to tell a story or recount events narrate

เงย

ngoei — to lift or raise one's head upward

หัว

hǔa — head; top or front part of something

ขึ้น

khûen — to go up, rise, increase, or ascend

สังเกต

sǎngkèet — to observe, notice, or pay attention carefully

เปลว

ploeo — a tongue or flame; licking flame of fire

ค่อยๆ

khôi khôi — gradually, slowly, or little by little

มอด

môot — to die out, fade, or extinguish gradually

เปลวไฟ

ploeo fai — flame; the visible burning part of fire

กำลัง

kamlang — currently doing; strength or power or energy

แตก

tàek — to break, split, crack, or shatter apart

เป็น

pen — to be, to become; indicates state or identity

ส่วนๆ

sùan sùan — into parts or sections; separately divided portions

โดย

doi — by, by means of, through an agent or method

มี

mii — to have, there is, or there are

ช่องว่าง

chông wâang — gap, space, or empty interval between things

คั่น

khan — to separate, divide, or place between two things

ระหว่าง

rawàang — between, among, or during a period of time

กัน

kan — each other, together, or mutual reciprocal action

เหล่า

lào — those, these; plural marker for groups of beings

ขยาย

khayǎai — to expand, enlarge, or widen in size

ใหญ่

yài — big, large, or great in size

ส่วน

sùan — part, portion, section, or share of something

ต่างๆ

tàang tàang — various, different kinds, or assorted types

ลด

lót — to reduce, decrease, lower, or cut down

น้อย

nóoi — little, few, or small in amount or number

ฉัน

chǎn — I, me; first-person pronoun used informally

แก

kae — you; informal second-person pronoun between familiars

จะ

jà — will, going to; future tense marker

จับ

jàp — to catch, grab, hold, or arrest someone

เมื่อ

mûea — when, at the time of a past event

ไร

rai — what; used in informal questions or none

ได้

dâi — can, able to, or successfully accomplished something

พึมพำ

phüm pham — to mutter, mumble, or speak under one's breath

ยังไง

yang ngai — how, in what way; informal manner question

ซะ

sá — emphatic particle intensifying a statement or action

นอนหลับ

noon làp — to sleep, be asleep, or fall asleep

ตื่น

tùen — to wake up or be awake and alert

ตรง

trong — straight, direct, right in front, or exact

หน้า

nâa — face, front, or next in sequence

พอดี

phoo dii — just right, exactly, or fitting perfectly

เห็น

hěn — to see, notice, or perceive visually

ตัวเมีย

tua miia — female animal; the feminine gender of a creature

จ้อง

jông — to stare, gaze intently, or fix eyes on

มอง

moong — to look at, watch, or observe something

นาน

naan — long time; for an extended duration

นัก

nák — very, excessively; intensifier used after adjectives

แม้

máe — even though, although, or even if

รู้สึก

rúu sùek — to feel, sense, or experience an emotion

เหมือน

mǔean — like, similar to, or resembling something else

ผ่าน

phàan — to pass through, pass by, or go past

หลาย

lǎai — many, several, or numerous in quantity

ชั่วโมง

chûa moong — hour; a unit of time equal to sixty minutes

สำหรับ

sǎmràp — for, intended for, or designated for someone

เปลี่ยนแปลง

plìian plaeng — to change, transform, or undergo alteration

อัน

an — classifier for small objects; one item thing

ลึกลับ

lúek láp — mysterious, enigmatic, or secretive in nature

เกิด

kòet — to occur, happen, be born, or arise

มาก

mâak — much, many, very, or a lot of

จน

jon — until, so much that, or to the point

ตกใจ

tok jai — to be startled, shocked, or frightened suddenly

ตื่นตัว

tùen tua — to be alert, aware, or on guard

สุดขีด

sùt khìit — extreme, to the utmost limit or degree

บาง

baang — some, certain; thin in thickness

สิ่ง

sìng — thing, object, or matter of any kind

ตอน

toon — time, period, episode, or part of something

แรก

râek — first, initial, or earliest in order

อาจ

àat — might, may, or possibly could happen

เข้าใจ

khâo jai — to understand, comprehend, or grasp meaning

ค้นพบ

khón phóp — to discover, find, or uncover something new