White Fang — Page 6

Vocabulary

แผ่นเท้า

phaen thao — The sole or flat part of the foot

อัน

an — A classifier for small or general objects

กว้างใหญ่

kwang yai — Vast and expansive in size or area

ของ

khong — Belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

มัน

man — It; third-person pronoun for things or animals

ฟกช้ำ

fok cham — Bruised and sore from impact or injury

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

มี

mi — To have; to exist or possess something

เลือด

lueat — Blood; the red fluid in the body

ไหล

lai — To flow; movement of liquid continuously

เริ่ม

roem — To begin or start doing something

เดิน

doen — To walk; to move on foot

กะเผลก

ka phlaek — To limp; walk unevenly due to injury

อาการ

a-kan — Symptom or condition of an illness

นั้น

nan — That; demonstrative pronoun indicating something mentioned

ก็

ko — Also; then; particle indicating consequence or addition

ทวี

tha-wi — To increase or intensify progressively

ความ

khwam — Nominalizing prefix indicating abstract state or quality

รุนแรง

run raeng — Severe, intense, or violent in degree

ขึ้น

khuen — Up; to rise or increase in level

เรื่อยๆ

rueai rueai — Continuously or steadily without stopping

ตาม

tam — According to; following along with something

เวลา

we-la — Time; a period or moment in time

ที่

thi — At; place or relative clause marker

ผ่าน

phan — To pass through or go by something

ไป

pai — To go; directional particle indicating away

ยิ่ง

ying — Even more; increasingly so in comparison

กว่า

kwa — More than; comparative particle in Thai

แสง

saeng — Light; rays of illumination from a source

สว่าง

sa-wang — Bright; well-lit or luminous in appearance

บน

bon — On top of; above a surface

ท้องฟ้า

thong fa — The sky; the expanse above the earth

มืด

muet — Dark; lacking light or brightness

ครึ้ม

khruem — Overcast; cloudy and gloomy sky condition

ลง

long — Down; to descend or decrease in level

หิมะ

hi-ma — Snow; frozen precipitation falling from clouds

ตก

tok — To fall down from a higher position

มา

ma — To come; directional particle indicating toward speaker

เป็น

pen — To be; linking verb indicating state or identity

ดิบ

dip — Raw; uncooked or unprocessed natural state

ชื้น

chuen — Damp or moist; slightly wet condition

ละลาย

la-lai — To melt or dissolve into liquid form

เปียก

piak — Wet; saturated with water or liquid

เกาะ

ko — To cling or stick onto a surface

ติด

tit — To be stuck or attached to something

ลื่น

luen — Slippery; smooth surface causing loss of traction

ใต้

tai — Under; beneath a surface or object

เท้า

thao — Foot; the lower extremity used for walking

บด

bot — To grind or crush something into pieces

บัง

bang — To block or obscure from view

ภูมิทัศน์

phum-mi-that — Landscape; the visible features of an area

ปก

pok — To cover or overlay a surface

คลุม

khlum — To cover over completely like a blanket

ขรุขระ

khru-khra — Rough and uneven surface or terrain

พื้น

phuen — Floor or ground surface area

ดิน

din — Soil or earth; ground material

ทำ

tham — To do or make; to perform an action

ให้

hai — To give; causative particle meaning to cause

การ

kan — Nominalizing prefix indicating an action or process

ทาง

thang — Path, way, or direction of travel

ยาก

yak — Difficult; hard to do or achieve

ลำบาก

lam-bak — Difficult; experiencing hardship or trouble

เจ็บ

chep — Painful; feeling sharp physical pain

ปวด

puat — To ache; dull or throbbing physical pain

ตั้งใจ

tang chai — To intend or be determined to do something

จะ

cha — Will; future tense marker in Thai

ตั้ง

tang — To set up or establish something in place

ค่าย

khai — Camp; a temporary outdoor shelter or base

พัก

phak — To rest or stay temporarily somewhere

แรม

raem — To stay overnight away from home

คืน

khuen — Night; one night's period of darkness

ฝั่ง

fang — Bank or shore of a river or sea

ไกล

klai — Far away; at a great distance

แม่น้ำ

mae nam — River; a large natural flowing body of water

เพราะ

phro — Because; conjunction indicating reason or cause

ทิศทาง

thit thang — Direction; orientation toward a specific point

แหล่ง

laeng — Source or area where something is found

ล่า

la — To hunt; to pursue animals for food

สัตว์

sat — Animal; a living creature other than a plant

อยู่

yu — To be located; to live or stay somewhere

แต่

tae — But; conjunction indicating contrast or exception

ใกล้

klai — Near; close in distance or proximity

ไม่

mai — Not; negation particle in Thai language

นาน

nan — Long time; extended duration of time

ก่อน

kon — Before; earlier in time or sequence

ฟ้า

fa — Sky blue color; also meaning sky

มูส

mut — Moose; a large deer-like wild animal

ตัว

tua — Body; classifier for animals and clothing

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number 1

ดื่ม

duem — To drink; to consume liquid through mouth

น้ำ

nam — Water; the clear liquid essential for life

ถูก

thuk — To be hit; passive marker indicating receiving action

พบ

phop — To encounter or find someone or something

เห็น

hen — To see; to perceive visually

โดย

doi — By; agent marker in passive constructions

ซึ่ง

sueng — Which; relative pronoun connecting clauses

ภรรยา

phan-ra-ya — Wife; a female spouse in marriage

บัดนี้

bat ni — Now; at the present moment in time

หาก

hak — If; conditional conjunction indicating a supposition

ได้

dai — Can; ability marker or past tense indicator

พา

pha — To lead or take someone somewhere

เรือ

ruea — Boat; a watercraft used for travel

ออก

ok — Out; to exit or move outward from

นอก

nok — Outside; exterior of a place or boundary

เส้นทาง

sen thang — Route or path taken to reach destination

มอง

mong — To look at; to direct one's gaze

ยิง

ying — To shoot; to fire a weapon at something

ด้วย

duai — Also; with; using something as a tool

โชค

chok — Luck; fortune or chance in outcomes

ดี

di — Good; positive quality or favorable condition

จาก

chak — From; indicating origin or departure point

ปืนไรเฟิล

puen rai-foen — Rifle; a long-barreled firearm for shooting

เขา

khao — He or she; third-person pronoun for people

เหตุการณ์

het-tu-kan — Event or incident that has occurred

ทั้งหมด

thang mot — All; everything in total without exception

คง

khong — Probably; likely or presumably to be so

เกิด

koet — To occur or be born; to happen

แตกต่าง

taek tang — Different; unlike or distinct from something else

ต่อ

to — Against; toward or continuing from something

ไม่ก็

mai ko — Otherwise; or else indicating an alternative outcome

ตาย

tai — To die; to cease living

หรือ

rue — Or; conjunction indicating an alternative choice

หา

ha — To search for or look for something

กลับ

klap — To return; to go back to a place

พี่น้อง

phi nong — Siblings; brothers and sisters collectively

ใน

nai — In; inside a place or boundary

ป่า

pa — Forest or wilderness; wooded natural area

กลาย

klai — To become or transform into something else

พวก

phuak — Group or pack; a collective of beings

หมาป่า

ma pa — Wolf; a wild canine predator animal

จน

chon — Until; up to the point of something

วาระ

wa-ra — Occasion or appointed time; a moment

สุดท้าย

sut thai — Last; final in a sequence or series

ชีวิต

chi-wit — Life; the state of being alive

ราตรี

ra-tri — Night; a formal or poetic word for nighttime

แล้ว

laeo — Already; then; completion particle in Thai

ปลิว

pliw — To flutter or blow away in the wind

หนา

na — Thick; having great depth or density

แน่น

naen — Tight or packed densely together

ขณะ

kha-na — While; at the moment or time of something

คราง

khrang — To moan or groan in pain or distress

เบาๆ

bao bao — Softly or gently; in a light manner

กับ

kap — With; together alongside someone or something

ตัวเอง

tua eng — Oneself; by or to themselves reflexively

สะดุด

sa-dut — To stumble or trip over something unexpectedly

รอย

roi — Track, mark, or trace left behind

สด

sot — Fresh; newly made or recently occurred

ใหม่

mai — New; recently made or not seen before