White Fang — Page 8

Vocabulary

ทั้ง

thang — both; all; entire amount or group

ร่างกาย

rang kai — the physical body of a person or animal

และ

lae — and; connecting words, phrases, or clauses

สมอง

sa-mong — brain; organ responsible for thought and control

กลไก

kon-lai — mechanism; system of parts working together

ของ

khong — of; belonging to; possessive particle

มัน

man — it; third-person pronoun for things or animals

นั้น

nan — that; demonstrative pronoun referring to something distant

สมบูรณ์แบบ

som-bun baep — perfect; flawless in every aspect or detail

กว่า

kwa — more than; comparative particle indicating degree

มิใช่

mi chai — is not; formal negation of identity or fact

ว่า

wa — that; quotative or complementizer particle

จะ

ja — will; future tense or intention marker

ได้รับ

dai rap — to receive; to obtain something given

คำ

kham — word; unit of language or speech

ชมเชย

chom choei — to praise; to compliment someone's actions or qualities

สำหรับ

sam-rap — for; intended or designated for a purpose

สิ่ง

sing — thing; object or matter of any kind

นี้

ni — this; demonstrative pronoun for nearby referent

ธรรมชาติ

tham-ma-chat — nature; the natural world and its phenomena

เพียง

phiang — only; merely; just a limited amount

แต่

tae — but; however; conjunction indicating contrast

ให้

hai — to give; to provide something to someone

พร

phon — blessing; divine gift or fortunate endowment

แก่

kae — to; for; indicating recipient of an action

มาก

mak — many; much; a large quantity or degree

สัตว์

sat — animal; any living creature that is not a plant

ทั่วไป

thua pai — general; common; ordinary; widespread in usage

เท่านั้น

thao nan — only; that is all; nothing more

เอง

eng — oneself; by itself; emphatic self-referential particle

มา

ma — to come; to arrive at a place

ถึง

thueng — to reach; to arrive at; until

ป้อม

pom — fort; fortified structure or defensive outpost

ใน

nai — in; inside; within a place or time

ฤดู

reu-du — season; one of the divisions of the year

ร้อน

ron — hot; having high temperature; summer season

ได้

dai — to be able to; past tense marker

ข้าม

kham — to cross; to go over a boundary or obstacle

สัน

san — ridge; a narrow elevated landform or divide

ปัน

pan — divide; watershed dividing water flow directions

น้ำ

nam — water; liquid essential for life

อัน

an — classifier for various objects; one unit

ยิ่งใหญ่

ying yai — great; magnificent; grand in scale or importance

ระหว่าง

ra-wang — between; among; during a period of time

ช่วง

chuang — period; interval; a span of time or space

ปลาย

plai — end; tip; the final part of something

หนาว

nao — cold; having low temperature; winter season

ใช้

chai — to use; to employ something for a purpose

เวลา

we-la — time; a point or period in time

ใบไม้ผลิ

bai mai phli — spring; the season after winter when plants bloom

ล่า

la — to hunt; to chase and pursue prey

ตาม

tam — along; to follow; according to

แนว

naeo — line; direction; a row or corridor

เทือกเขา

thueак khao — mountain range; a series of connected mountains

ทาง

thang — way; path; direction of travel

ตะวันตก

ta-wan tok — west; the direction of the setting sun

จากนั้น

jak nan — after that; then; subsequently in sequence

หลังจาก

lang jak — after; following a particular event or time

น้ำแข็ง

nam khaeng — ice; frozen water; solid form of water

บน

bon — on; above; on top of a surface

แม่น้ำ

mae nam — river; a large natural flow of water

แตก

taek — to break; to crack; to split apart

เขา

khao — he; she; they; third-person pronoun

ต่อ

to — to continue; per; against; connecting to

เรือแคนู

ruea kha-nu — canoe; a narrow lightweight paddled boat

พาย

phai — to paddle; to propel a boat with oar

ล่อง

long — to drift downstream; to float along water

ลำน้ำ

lam nam — waterway; a body or course of flowing water

ไป

pai — to go; to move away from a place

จนถึง

jon thueng — until reaching; up to a specific point

จุด

jut — point; spot; a specific location or dot

ที่

thi — that; which; at; relative pronoun or preposition

บรรจบ

ban-jop — to meet; to converge; a confluence of rivers

กับ

kap — with; together with; and

ใต้

tai — under; below; south; beneath a surface

วงกลม

wong klon — circle; a round shape or boundary line

พอดี

pho di — exactly; just right; precisely fitting

ที่นี่

thi ni — here; at this place or location

คือ

khue — is; to be; identifying or equating two things

เก่า

kao — old; ancient; not new or recent

บริษัท

bo-ri-sat — company; a business organization or firm

มี

mi — to have; there is; to possess something

ชาว

chao — people of; inhabitants; member of a group

มากมาย

mak mai — many; numerous; a great abundance of things

อาหาร

a-han — food; anything eaten for nourishment

อุดม

u-dom — abundant; rich; plentiful in resources or supply

สมบูรณ์

som-bun — complete; full; in perfect condition

ความ

khwam — nominalizing prefix creating abstract nouns

ตื่นเต้น

tuen ten — excited; thrilled; feeling of eager anticipation

ไม่เคย

mai khoei — never; have never done something before

ก่อน

kon — before; previously; earlier in time

นั่น

nan — that; demonstrative pronoun for a distant thing

ปี

pi — year; a period of twelve months

ค.ศ.

kho so — AD; Anno Domini; the common era calendar

นัก

nak — one who; expert; enthusiast in a field

ทองคำ

thong kham — gold; precious yellow metal of high value

หลาย

lai — many; several; more than a few

พัน

phan — thousand; one thousand in numerical value

คน

khon — person; people; classifier for human beings

กำลัง

kam-lang — currently doing; progressive aspect marker; strength

เดินทาง

doen thang — to travel; to make a journey somewhere

ขึ้น

khuen — to go up; to rise; upward direction

สู่

su — to; toward; in the direction of

ยัง

yang — still; yet; also; toward a destination

แม้

mae — even though; although; despite the fact that

อยู่

yu — to be at; to stay; to reside somewhere

ห่าง

hang — far; distant; away from a reference point

จาก

jak — from; away from; originating at a place

จุดหมาย

jut mai — destination; goal; the intended endpoint of travel

ร้อย

roi — hundred; one hundred in numerical value

ไมล์

mail — mile; unit of distance approximately 1.6 kilometers

ก็

ko — also; then; still; discourse cohesion particle

แล้ว

laeo — already; then; completion aspect marker

เป็น

pen — to be; to become; linking verb

หนึ่ง

nueng — one; the number one; a single unit

ระยะทาง

ra-ya thang — distance; the length of space between two points

น้อย

noi — little; few; a small amount or quantity

ที่สุด

thi sut — most; superlative marker indicating highest degree

พวกเขา

phuak khao — they; them; a group of people

ห้า

ha — five; the number five

ขณะ

kha-na — while; at the moment; during a time

บาง

bang — some; certain; a few among many

อีก

ik — another; more; additional; again

ด้าน

dan — side; aspect; a face or direction

โลก

lok — world; the earth; global in scope

หยุด

yut — to stop; to halt; to cease movement

พัก

phak — to rest; to take a break; to pause

ข่าว

khao — news; information about recent events

ลือ

lue — to rumor; to spread unverified information

เรื่อง

rueang — story; matter; about a topic or subject

การ

kan — nominalizing prefix for actions or processes

ตื่น

tuen — to wake up; to become alert or excited

ทอง

thong — gold; a precious yellow metallic element

ล่วง

luang — to pass; to reach; to come to someone's knowledge

รู้

ru — to know; to be aware of something

หู

hu — ear; the organ of hearing

นำ

nam — to lead; to bring; to carry forward

หนัง

nang — leather; skin; hide of an animal

ห่อ

ho — to wrap; a wrapped package or bundle

ด้วย

duai — with; also; by means of something

รวมทั้ง

ruam thang — including; together with; combining all elements

ถุงมือ

thung mue — gloves; coverings worn to protect the hands

รองเท้า

rong thao — shoes; footwear worn to protect the feet

โมคาซิน

mo-kha-sin — moccasins; soft leather shoes worn by Native Americans

เย็บ

yep — to sew; to stitch material together with thread

เส้น

sen — line; strand; thread; classifier for long objects

เอ็น

en — tendon; sinew; tough connective tissue fiber

คง

khong — probably; likely; to remain; to maintain

ไม่

mai — not; negation particle in Thai language

เสี่ยง

siang — to risk; to take a chance on something

ไกล

klai — far; distant; a long way away

เช่น

chen — such as; for example; like for instance

หาก

hak — if; in the event that; conditional conjunction

คาดหวัง

khat wang — to expect; to hope for a desired outcome

กำไร

kam-rai — profit; financial gain from a business activity

งาม

ngam — beautiful; attractive; pleasing to the senses

ๆ

mai yamok — repetition mark doubling the preceding word's meaning

ไว้

wai — to keep; to store; to set aside for use

อาจ

at — might; may; expressing possibility or uncertainty

เทียบ

thiap — to compare; to measure against something else

จริง

jing — true; real; genuine; actually the case