White Fang — Page 4

Vocabulary

ใน

nai — In, inside, within a place or context

นาม

naam — Name, noun; used in formal or grammatical contexts

หมาป่า

maa bpaa — Wolf, a wild carnivorous canine animal

นักสู้

nak suu — Fighter, warrior; one who struggles or battles

เขา

khao — He, she, him, her; third person pronoun

เป็น

bpen — To be, to exist; linking verb in Thai

ที่

thii — At, which, that; place or relative pronoun

รู้จัก

ruu jak — To know, be acquainted with someone or something

กัน

gan — Each other, together; reciprocal particle

อย่าง

yaang — Like, as, in a manner; type or kind

กว้างขวาง

gwaang khwaang — Widely, broadly; well-known across a large area

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

กรง

grong — Cage; enclosure for confining animals or birds

ถูก

thuuk — To be subjected to; passive voice marker in Thai

ขัง

khang — To confine, cage, or imprison someone or something

ไว้

wai — To keep, retain, or place something somewhere

บน

bon — On, on top of, above a surface

ดาดฟ้า

daat faa — Deck; the open upper surface of a ship

เรือ

ruua — Boat, ship; a water vessel for transport

กลไฟ

gon fai — Steamship; a ship powered by a steam engine

มัก

mak — Usually, tend to; indicates habitual action

ล้อมรอบ

loom roob — To surround, encircle something on all sides

ด้วย

duay — With, also, by means of; accompaniment particle

ผู้คน

phuu khon — People, persons; a group of human beings

อยากรู้อยากเห็น

yaak ruu yaak hen — Curious, inquisitive; eager to know and observe

คำราม

kham raam — To growl, roar; a low threatening animal sound

ขู่ฟัน

khuu fan — To snarl, bare teeth threateningly at someone

พวกเขา

phuak khao — They, them; third person plural pronoun

หรือ

ruu — Or; conjunction presenting alternatives or questions

ไม่ก็

mai go — Or else, otherwise; presenting an alternative option

นอน

noon — To lie down, sleep; resting horizontally

นิ่ง

ning — Still, motionless, quiet; without movement

จ้องมอง

joong moong — To stare, gaze fixedly at someone or something

ความ

khwaam — Nominalizing prefix forming abstract nouns in Thai

เกลียดชัง

gliat chang — Hatred, intense dislike and hostility toward something

เย็นชา

yen chaa — Cold, indifferent, emotionally detached or aloof

เหตุใด

het dai — Why, for what reason; asking for a cause

จะ

ja — Will, going to; future tense marker in Thai

ไม่

mai — Not, no; negation particle in Thai sentences

เกลียด

gliat — To hate, detest; strong aversion toward something

เล่า

lao — Particle asking for explanation or emphasis

ไม่เคย

mai khoei — Never, have never done something before

ตั้ง

tang — To set up, establish, pose or place something

คำถาม

kham thaam — Question; an inquiry or interrogative statement

นั้น

nan — That, those; demonstrative pronoun for distant reference

กับ

gap — With, and, together with; preposition of accompaniment

ตัวเอง

tua eng — Oneself, yourself, himself; reflexive pronoun

เลย

loei — At all, then, so; intensifying or resultative particle

แต่

tae — But, however; conjunction showing contrast

เพียง

phiang — Only, merely, just; limiting adverb

จม

jom — To sink, submerge; be immersed deeply in something

อยู่

yuu — To be at, stay; indicates ongoing state or location

ความรู้สึก

khwaam ruu suek — Feeling, emotion, sensation experienced internally

สิ้นเชิง

sin choeng — Completely, entirely, wholly; total and absolute

ชีวิต

chiiwit — Life; the state of being alive and existing

ได้

dai — Can, able to; past tense or ability marker

กลาย

glaai — To become, turn into; a transformation occurs

นรก

narok — Hell; a place of suffering and torment

สำหรับ

samrap — For, intended for; indicating purpose or recipient

ไม่ได้

mai dai — Cannot, did not; negating ability or past action

สร้าง

saang — To build, create, construct something new

มา

maa — To come; also marks action directed toward speaker

เพื่อ

phuea — In order to, for the purpose of doing something

การ

gaan — Nominalizing prefix for actions or processes

กักขัง

gak khang — Imprisonment, confinement; holding captive forcefully

แออัด

ae at — Crowded, congested, packed tightly together

เช่น

chen — Such as, for example; introducing an illustration

สัตว์ป่า

sat bpaa — Wild animal; creature living in natural wilderness

ต้อง

tong — Must, have to; expressing obligation or necessity

ทนทาน

thon thaan — To endure, withstand; durable and resilient

จาก

jaak — From, away from; indicating origin or departure

น้ำมือ

naam muu — Handiwork, deed; something done by someone's hands

ของ

khoong — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

มนุษย์

manus — Human being, mankind; the human species

กระนั้น

gra nan — Even so, nevertheless; despite that circumstance

ก็

go — Also, then, too; connective or concessive particle

ปฏิบัติ

bpatiibat — To treat, practice, act toward; carry out actions

แบบ

baep — Style, manner, type; a pattern or model

แน่นอน

naenon — Certainly, definitely, of course; expressing certainty

เอา

ao — To take, use; get or apply something

ไม้

mai — Wood, stick; a piece of timber or rod

แหย่

yae — To poke, prod; tease by poking at someone

ระหว่าง

rawang — Between, during, among; in the middle of

ซี่

sii — Bar, spoke, rib; a thin rod-like element

ยั่ว

yua — To provoke, tease, entice; deliberately incite reaction

ให้

hai — To give; causative marker indicating purpose or cause

แล้ว

laeo — Already, then; marks completion or sequence of events

หัวเราะเยาะ

hua ro yo — To mock laugh, laugh scornfully at someone

เหล่านี้

lao nii — These; plural demonstrative pronoun for nearby things

คือ

khuu — Is, are, namely; equating or defining something

สภาพแวดล้อม

saphaap waet loom — Environment, surroundings; conditions surrounding someone

กำลัง

gamlang — Currently doing; present progressive tense marker

หล่อหลอม

lo loom — To mold, shape, forge character or personality

ดินเหนียว

din niao — Clay; soft moldable earth material

แห่ง

haeng — Of, at; classifier for places or locations

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals and clothing

สิ่ง

sing — Thing, object, entity; something abstract or concrete

ดุร้าย

du raai — Fierce, ferocious, savage; aggressively wild in nature

ยิ่งกว่า

ying gwaa — More than, even more; expressing greater degree

ธรรมชาติ

thammachat — Nature; the natural world and its phenomena

ตั้งใจ

tang jai — To intend, be determined; act with purpose

ประทาน

prathaan — To bestow, grant; give formally or royally

ยืดหยุ่น

yuet yun — Flexible, adaptable, elastic; able to bend or adjust

แก่

gae — To, for, old; dative preposition or aged adjective

สัตว์

sat — Animal; any living creature other than plants

อื่น

uuen — Other, another, else; different from this one

หลาย

laai — Many, several, numerous; indicating large quantity

คง

khong — Probably, likely, still; expressing assumption or continuity

ตาย

taai — To die; cease to live; death occurs

จิตใจ

jit jai — Mind, heart, spirit; inner mental and emotional state

แตกสลาย

taek salaai — To shatter, break apart; collapse completely into pieces

กลับ

glab — To return, go back; reverse direction or state

ปรับตัว

bprap tua — To adapt, adjust oneself to new circumstances

ดำรง

damrong — To maintain, sustain, uphold; keep something continuing

โดย

doi — By, through, via; indicating agent or method

สูญเสีย

suun sia — To lose, suffer loss of something valuable

จิตวิญญาณ

jit winyaan — Spirit, soul; the inner spiritual essence of being

แม้แต่

mae tae — Even, not even; emphasizing an extreme case

น้อย

noi — Little, few, small in amount or degree

อาจ

aat — May, might, possibly; expressing possibility or uncertainty

เป็นไปได้

bpen bpai dai — Possible, feasible; capable of happening or occurring

ปีศาจร้าย

pii saat raai — Evil demon, wicked devil; malicious supernatural being

ผู้

phuu — Person who, one who; nominalizer for people

ทรมาน

thoramaan — To torture, torment; cause great suffering to someone

สามารถ

saamat — Can, able to, capable of doing something

ทำลาย

tham laai — To destroy, ruin, demolish something completely

จน

jon — Until, to the point of; also means poor

ถึง

thueng — To reach, arrive at, until; indicating extent

ขณะ

khana — Moment, while, at the time of something

นี้

nii — This, these; demonstrative pronoun for nearby things

ยัง

yang — Still, yet, also; indicates continuing state

ไม่มี

mai mii — There is no, have none; indicating absence

วี่แวว

wii waew — Sign, hint, trace; any indication of something

ว่า

waa — That, say; complementizer or quotation marker

สำเร็จ

samret — To succeed, accomplish; achieve a goal or result

หาก

haak — If, in case; conditional conjunction in Thai

มี

mii — To have, there is; indicating existence or possession

ปีศาจ

pii saat — Demon, devil, evil spirit; supernatural malevolent being

อีก

iik — Another, more, again; additional or further

หนึ่ง

nueng — One; the number one or a single thing

ทั้งคู่

thang khuu — Both, both of them; referring to two together

ต่าง

taang — Each, different, mutually; separately or distinctly

ใส่

sai — To put in, wear, apply; place into something

หยุดหย่อน

yut yoon — Respite, relaxation, break from effort or stress