White Fang — Page 2

Vocabulary

แต่

tàe — But; however; used to contrast two clauses

ไม่ใช่

mâi châi — Is not; used to negate identity or category

กับ

gàp — With; and; together with someone or something

แม้ว่า

máe wâa — Even though; although; despite the fact that

เธอ

thooe — She; her; you (informal, feminine reference)

จะ

jà — Will; going to; future tense marker

ยอมรับ

yɔɔm ráp — To accept; to acknowledge; to admit something

เขา

khǎo — He; she; they; third-person pronoun

เพราะ

phráw — Because; due to; for the reason that

นั่น

nân — That; that one; referring to something indicated

คือ

khʉʉ — Is; means; to be equal or identical to

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of; belonging to; possessive particle

เหล่า

lào — Group of; classifier for groups or sets

เทพ

thêep — God; deity; divine being

ก็

gɔ̂ɔ — Also; then; discourse particle for continuation

เหตุผล

hèet-phǒn — Reason; rationale; logical basis for something

ที่

thîi — At; which; that; place or relative pronoun

ต้อง

tɔ̂ɔng — Must; have to; obligated to do something

ปล่อย

plɔ̀ɔi — To release; to let go; to set free

ให้

hâi — To give; to allow; causative or benefactive marker

อยู่

yùu — To be; to stay; to live at a place

อย่าง

yàang — In a way; manner; type or kind of something

สงบสุข

sà-ngòp sùk — Peaceful; calm and happy; tranquil state of being

สาน

sǎan — To weave; to braid; to intertwine strands together

ซึม

sʉm — To seep; to permeate; to soak through slowly

ใน

nai — In; inside; within a place or time

ตัวตน

tua-ton — Self; identity; one's own being or essence

ความทรงจำ

khwaam song jam — Memory; recollection; something remembered from the past

ถึง

thʉ̌ng — To reach; until; as far as; regarding

อาชญากรรม

àat-chá-yaa-gam — Crime; criminal act; illegal deed or offense

นับ

náp — To count; to number; to enumerate things

ไม่ถ้วน

mâi thûan — Countless; innumerable; too many to count

และ

láe — And; also; connecting two elements together

พวกพ้อง

phûak phɔ́ɔng — Allies; associates; one's group or companions

ได้

dâai — Can; could; to get; past tense marker

กระทำ

grà-tham — To commit; to perform; to carry out an action

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — Against; toward; per; to continue or extend

บรรพบุรุษ

ban-phá-bù-rùt — Ancestor; forebear; someone from a previous generation

ถูก

thùuk — To be subjected to; correct; passive voice marker

ทำลาย

tham laai — To destroy; to damage; to ruin something

ย่อยยับ

yɔ̂ɔi yáp — Completely ruined; utterly destroyed; devastated

นั้น

nán — That; those; referring to something previously mentioned

ไม่มี

mâi mii — There is no; does not have; absence of something

วัน

wan — Day; a unit of time equal to 24 hours

ลืมเลือน

lʉʉm lʉan — To fade from memory; to be gradually forgotten

ไม่ว่า

mâi wâa — No matter; regardless of; whether or not

ผ่าน

phàan — To pass; to go through; to pass by

ไป

pai — To go; away; directional particle indicating movement away

สัก

sák — Even just; a little bit; any at all

หรือ

rʉ̌ʉ — Or; whether; used to offer alternatives

ชั่ว

chûa — Evil; wicked; bad in moral character

อายุคน

aa-yú khon — A human lifetime; a generation's span of years

สิ่ง

sìng — Thing; object; matter; an item or affair

เหล่านี้

lào níi — These; referring to a group of nearby things

ทั้งหมด

tháng mòt — All; everything; the entire amount or group

เป็น

pen — To be; to exist as; to become something

ดั่ง

dàng — Like; as; in the same manner as

กระตุ้น

grà-tûn — To stimulate; to urge; to motivate into action

แทง

thaeng — To stab; to pierce; to thrust sharply into

เร้า

ráo — To arouse; to provoke; to excite emotions

อยาก

yàak — To want; to desire; to wish for something

แก้แค้น

gâae khâen — To take revenge; to retaliate against someone

ไม่

mâi — No; not; negation marker for verbs

อาจ

àat — May; might; perhaps; expressing possibility

ขัด

khàt — To obstruct; to oppose; to be contrary to

ไม่ได้

mâi dâai — Cannot; was not able to; inability or impossibility

ขัดขวาง

khàt khwǎang — To obstruct; to hinder; to block someone's path

จาก

jàak — From; away from; departing a place or person

การ

gaan — Act of; process of; nominalizer for actions

ทำให้

tham hâi — To cause; to make something happen; to render

ชีวิต

chii-wít — Life; existence; one's living being or livelihood

ทุกข์ทรมาน

thúk thɔ-rá-maan — To suffer; to be in great pain or misery

ด้วย

dûai — With; also; by means of; as well

วิธีการ

wí-thii gaan — Method; procedure; way of doing something

เล็กๆ

lék lék — Small; little; tiny in size or degree

น้อยๆ

nɔ́ɔi nɔ́ɔi — A little bit; small amounts; minor and trivial

ความบาดหมาง

khwaam bàat mǎang — Discord; grudge; conflict between people

สืบทอด

sʉ̀ʉp thɔ̂ɔt — To inherit; to pass down through generations

มา

maa — To come; directional particle indicating movement toward

โบราณกาล

boo-raan-gaan — Ancient times; long ago; the distant past

ดำรง

dam-rong — To maintain; to sustain; to keep something going

ระหว่าง

rá-wàang — Between; among; during a period of time

พวกเขา

phûak khǎo — They; them; a group of people referred to

อย่างน้อย

yàang nɔ́ɔi — At least; at a minimum; not less than

ดูแล

duu lae — To take care of; to look after someone

ได้รับ

dâai ráp — To receive; to obtain; to get something given

เตือนความจำ

tʉan khwaam jam — A reminder; something that triggers a memory

เสมอ

sà-mʉ̌ʉ — Always; consistently; ever; on every occasion

ดังนั้น

dang nán — Therefore; so; consequently; as a result of that

จึง

jʉng — Therefore; so then; as a result; consequently

ใช้ประโยชน์

chái prà-yòot — To make use of; to utilize; to benefit from

เพศ

phêet — Gender; sex; biological or social category

ตน

ton — Oneself; one's own self; reflexive pronoun

เพื่อ

phʉ̂ʉa — In order to; for the purpose of; so that

จู้จี้

jûu jîi — Nagging; fussy; annoyingly persistent or nitpicky

รังควาน

rang khwaan — To harass; to bother; to pester or disturb someone

ปฏิบัติ

pà-tì-bàt — To practice; to treat; to carry out a task

เลวร้าย

leeo ráai — Terrible; very bad; wicked and harmful

สัญชาตญาณ

sǎn-châat-yaan — Instinct; innate impulse; natural behavioral drive

อนุญาต

à-nú-yâat — To permit; to allow; to give official permission

โจมตี

joom tii — To attack; to assault; to strike aggressively

ขณะ

khà-nà — While; at the moment; during a period of time

ความดื้อรั้น

khwaam dʉ̂ʉa rán — Stubbornness; obstinacy; persistent refusal to comply

เพิกเฉย

phʉ̂ʉk chʉ̌ʉi — To ignore; to pay no attention; to disregard

เมื่อ

mʉ̂ʉa — When; at the time that; previously in time

พุ่ง

phûng — To dart; to lunge; to rush forward quickly

เข้า

khâo — To enter; inward; directional particle toward inside

ใส่

sài — To put into; to place on; to wear clothing

หัน

hǎn — To turn; to face; to rotate toward a direction

ไหล่

lài — Shoulder; the joint connecting arm to body

ปกคลุม

pòk khlum — To cover; to blanket; to spread over a surface

ขน

khǒn — Fur; hair; feathers on an animal's body

หนา

nǎa — Thick; dense; having considerable depth or layers

หา

hǎa — To seek; to look for; to search for something

ฟัน

fan — Tooth; teeth; dental structures in the mouth

แหลมคม

lǎem khom — Sharp; pointed; having a keen or piercing edge

แล้ว

láew — Already; then; after that; completion marker

เดิน

dʉʉn — To walk; to move on foot at a pace

จากไป

jàak pai — To go away; to leave; to depart from a place

ขา

khǎa — Leg; lower limb used for standing and walking

แข็งทื่อ

khǎeng thʉ̂ʉ — Stiff; rigid; inflexible in movement or posture

ท่าทาง

thâa thaang — Posture; manner; way someone carries themselves

สง่างาม

sà-ngàa ngaam — Dignified; graceful; carrying oneself with elegance

บีบคั้น

bìip khán — To pressure; to squeeze; to stress someone intensely

มาก

mâak — Very; much; a great deal; intensifier

เกินไป

gʉʉn pai — Too much; excessively; beyond an appropriate limit

จำเป็น

jam pen — Necessary; essential; required for a purpose

วน

won — To circle; to go around; to rotate in loops

วงกลม

wong glom — Circle; a round closed geometric shape

โดย

dooi — By; via; by means of a method or agent

หัว

hǔa — Head; top part of a body or object

ออก

ɔ̀ɔk — Out; to exit; directional particle outward

บน

bon — On top of; above; upper surface of something

ใบหน้า

bai nâa — Face; the front surface of the head

ดวงตา

duang taa — Eyes; the organs of sight in a face

ปรากฏ

praa-gòt — To appear; to become visible; to manifest itself

สีหน้า

sǐi nâa — Facial expression; look on one's face

อดทน

òt thon — To endure; to be patient; to tolerate difficulty

เบื่อหน่าย

bʉ̀ʉa nàai — Fed up; weary; feeling tired and annoyed

อย่างไร

yàang rai — How; in what way; by what manner

ก็ตาม

gɔ̂ɔ taam — Anyway; regardless; no matter what happens

บางครั้ง

baang khráng — Sometimes; occasionally; at certain times

กัด

gàt — To bite; to clench with the teeth

ส่วน

sùan — Part; portion; section of a whole thing

ท้าย

tháai — Tail end; rear; the last part of something

ถอยหนี

thɔ̌ɔi nǐi — To retreat; to flee; to back away from danger

รวดเร็ว

rûat reeo — Fast; quick; swift in movement or action

เลย

lʉʉi — At all; ever; just; then; emphatic particle

แม้แต่

máe tàe — Even; not even; to the slightest extent

น้อย

nɔ́ɔi — Little; few; small in amount or number

โดยทั่วไป

dooi thûa pai — Generally; in general; for the most part

สามารถ

sǎa-mâat — Can; to be able to; having the capability

รักษา

rák-sǎa — To preserve; to maintain; to keep in good condition

ความสง่าผ่าเผย

khwaam sà-ngàa phàa phʉʉi — Dignity; stately grace; impressive and noble bearing

เกือบ

gʉ̀ap — Almost; nearly; not quite reaching a point

เคร่งขรึม

khrêng khrʉm — Solemn; serious; having a grave and dignified manner

เอาไว้

ao wái — To keep; to retain; to hold onto something