White Fang — Page 11

Vocabulary

เขา

khao — He, she, or they; third person pronoun

ส่าย

saai — To shake or sway side to side

หัว

hua — Head; top part of the body

ด้วย

duay — Also, too, with; used to indicate accompaniment

ความ

khwaam — Abstract noun prefix indicating a state or quality

เสียใจ

sia jai — To feel sad or regretful about something

อีก

iik — Again, more, another; indicates repetition

ครั้ง

khrang — Time, instance; counter for occurrences

แต่

tae — But, however; used to contrast two clauses

ไม่

mai — Not; general negation particle in Thai

เห็นด้วย

hen duay — To agree or concur with someone's opinion

กับ

kap — With, and; connects nouns or phrases together

พ่อ

phɔ̂ɔ — Father; male parent in the family

ของ

khɔ̌ɔng — Of, belonging to; possessive particle in Thai

ฉัน

chan — I, me; first person pronoun, informal female

จะ

ja — Will, going to; future tense marker

บอก

bɔ̀ɔk — To tell, say, or inform someone something

ให้

hâi — To give; causative marker meaning let or allow

รู้

rúu — To know, to be aware of something

ว่า

wâa — That; complementizer introducing a reported clause

ทำ

tham — To do, make, or perform an action

อะไร

arai — What; interrogative pronoun asking about things

ท้าทาย

tháa thaai — To challenge or defy someone boldly

ใน

nai — In, inside, within; locative preposition

ที่สุด

thîi sùt — The most, ultimately; superlative indicator

ขัง

khang — To confine, cage, or lock up a creature

ไว้

wái — To keep, place, or retain for later use

ไก่

kài — Chicken; a common domestic bird or poultry

ตลอด

talɔ̀ɔt — Throughout, all along, the entire duration

บ่าย

bàai — Afternoon; the time period after midday

ก็

kɔ̂ɔ — Also, then, well; discourse particle linking clauses

ต้อง

tɔ̂ng — Must, have to; expresses necessity or obligation

คิด

khít — To think, consider, or reflect on something

ถึง

thɯ̌ng — To reach, arrive at; also means about or regarding

นะ

na — Sentence particle softening requests or statements

ผู้พิพากษา

phûu phiphâaksa — Judge; a person who presides over legal cases

คัดค้าน

khát khâan — To object to or oppose a decision or proposal

และ

lae — And; conjunction connecting words or clauses

ยิ่ง

yîng — Even more, increasingly; comparative intensifier

กว่า

kwàa — More than, greater than; comparative marker

นั้น

nán — That, those; demonstrative pronoun indicating distance

ลูกชาย

lûuk chaai — Son; a male child in the family

พูด

phûut — To speak or talk to someone

ต่อ

tɔ̀ɔ — To continue; against, toward; per unit

สำหรับ

samràp — For, intended for a specific person or purpose

ทุก

thúk — Every, all, each; indicates totality

ตัว

tua — Body, self; classifier for animals and some objects

ที่

thîi — That, which; relative pronoun and place marker

มัน

man — It; third person pronoun for animals or objects

ฆ่า

khâa — To kill or slay a person or animal

จ่าย

jàai — To pay money for goods or services

คุณ

khun — You; polite second person pronoun in Thai

หนึ่ง

nɯ̀ng — One; the number one or a single unit

ดอลลาร์

dɔlaa — Dollar; unit of American or other currency

เป็น

pen — To be; links subject to predicate or status

เหรียญ

rǐan — Coin; a metal piece used as money

ทอง

thɔɔng — Gold; a precious yellow metal or color

แผ่นดิน

phaen din — Land, earth, territory; the ground or realm

ควร

khuan — Should, ought to; expresses recommendation or duty

ปรับ

pràp — To fine, adjust, or impose a financial penalty

แทรก

saek — To interject, insert, or cut into a conversation

ขึ้น

khɯ̂n — To go up, rise; directional particle upward

น้องสาว

nɔ́ɔng saao — Younger sister; a female younger sibling

เธอ

thəə — She, her, you; second or third person female pronoun

เสียง

sǐang — Sound, voice, noise; also means vote

เห็นชอบ

hen chɔ̂ɔp — To approve or be in favor of something

ดัง

dang — Loud, famous; producing a strong sound

รอบ

rɔ̂ɔp — Round, around, surrounding; a lap or circuit

โต๊ะ

tó — Table; a flat-surfaced piece of furniture

พยักหน้า

phayák nâa — To nod one's head in agreement or acknowledgment

ตกลง

toklɔng — To agree, okay; to settle on a decision

ครุ่นคิด

khrûn khít — To ponder or think deeply and seriously

อยู่

yùu — To be, to stay, to live somewhere; ongoing marker

ครู่

khrûu — A moment, a short while in time

ถ้า

thâa — If; conditional conjunction introducing a hypothesis

หาก

hàak — If, in case; formal conditional conjunction

เมื่อ

mɯ̂a — When, at the time that something occurred

สิ้นสุด

sîn sùt — To end, conclude, or terminate completely

ช่วง

chûang — Period, span, section of time or space

ไม่ได้

mâi dâai — Cannot, did not; negates ability or past action

ทำร้าย

tham ráai — To harm, hurt, or injure someone physically

แม้แต่

máe tae — Even, not even; emphasizes an extreme case

เดียว

diao — Single, only, alone; just one of something

สิบ

sìp — Ten; the number ten in Thai

นาที

naathii — Minute; a unit of time equal to sixty seconds

ลาน

laan — Courtyard, yard, open space or ground area

อย่าง

yàang — In a manner of, like, as; type or kind

จริงจัง

jing jang — Seriously, earnestly; with genuine intent or effort

ไตร่ตรอง

tràitɔɔng — To deliberate or carefully think something through

ราวกับ

raao kàp — As if, as though; introduces a simile or comparison

กำลัง

kamlang — Currently doing; present progressive tense marker

นั่ง

nâng — To sit down on a surface or seat

บน

bon — On top of, above; locative preposition

บัลลังก์

banlang — Throne; a ceremonial chair for a king or judge

ตัดสิน

tàtsǐn — To judge, decide, or make a ruling

เคร่งขรึม

khrêng khrɯm — Stern, solemn, serious in manner or expression

เจ้า

jâo — You (informal/archaic); master, lord, or owner

ฉลาด

chalàat — Smart, clever, intelligent; quick to understand

ครอบครัว

khrɔ̂ɔp khrua — Family; a group of related people living together

แอบ

àep — To secretly do something; to sneak or hide

ดู

duu — To watch, look at, or observe something

การ

kaan — Noun prefix indicating an action or process

แสดง

sadaeng — To show, perform, or display something

จาก

jàak — From, away from; indicates origin or departure

มุม

mum — Corner, angle; a point where two edges meet

ซ่อน

sɔ̂ɔn — To hide or conceal something from view

ไม่มี

mâi mii — There is no, to not have something

เกิดขึ้น

kəət khɯ̂n — To happen, occur, or take place

ถูก

thùuk — To be correct; passive marker; cheap in price

เจ้านาย

jâo naai — Boss, master, superior; person in authority

ทอดทิ้ง

thɔ̂ɔt thîng — To abandon or forsake someone completely

นอน

nɔɔn — To lie down or sleep; resting position

ลง

long — To go down, descend; directional particle downward

หลับ

làp — To be asleep; to fall asleep

ไป

pai — To go; directional marker indicating away movement

ลุก

lúk — To get up, rise, or stand from a position

เดิน

dəən — To walk; to move on foot at normal pace

ราง

raang — Trough, channel, track, or gutter for liquid

น้ำ

náam — Water; liquid essential for life and drinking

เพื่อ

phɯ̂a — In order to, for the purpose of doing something

ดื่ม

dɯ̀m — To drink a liquid such as water or juice

เพิกเฉย

phəək chəəi — To ignore or turn a blind eye to something

สงบ

sangòp — Calm, peaceful, quiet; free from disturbance

แล้ว

láew — Already, then; indicates completion of an action

เหล่านั้น

lào nán — Those; plural demonstrative referring to distant things

ตัวตน

tua ton — Identity, selfhood, one's own true self